Background Video
Counterfactuals, counterfactuals, counterfactuals everywhere
There are many ways to make inferences but most (all?!?) forms of causal inference involve some form of counterfactual. Take some time to think about the concept of counterfactuals by watching this short intro (5 minutes).
Required Reading
Read Varian (2016) and **Grosz et al. (2024)* (ca. 120 minutes) to get an overview of causal inference strategies.
Varian, H. R. (2016). Causal inference in economics and marketing. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 113(27), 7310–7315. http://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1510479113
Grosz, M. P., Ayaita, A., Arslan, R. C., Buecker, S., Ebert, T., Hünermund, P., Müller, S. R., Rieger, S., Zapko-Willmes, A., & Rohrer, J. M. (2024). Natural experiments: missed opportunities for causal inference in psychology. Advances in Methods and Practices in Psychological Science, 7(1),1-15. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/25152459231218610
Session Slides